What affect does soil structure have on water retention?

• A. None, as it is primarily determined by soil type
• B. It enhances the soil's ability to store moisture
• C. It limits the soil's water holding capacity
• D. It increases water evaporation from soil

Answer: (B)

Soil structure refers to the arrangement of soil particles and the spaces between them, which plays a crucial role in influencing how water is retained and transmitted in the soil. When the soil structure is well-developed, with a balanced mix of soil particles, organic matter, and aggregates, it enhances the soil's ability to store moisture.

A well-structured soil facilitates the formation of pores, which are essential for holding water. The presence of larger and smaller pores allows for better water infiltration, retention, and drainage. This enhances the overall ability of the soil to store moisture, making it more effective at supporting plant growth, especially during dry periods.

In contrast, poorly structured soil, such as compacted or heavy clay soils, may hinder water movement and reduce water retention efficiency. This means that a beneficial soil structure is key to optimizing water retention, leading to improved moisture availability for plants.